Multi-Language MVP: 4 Locales (DE/EN/UK/RU) mit SSR + UI + Tests #79

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greggy merged 27 commits from feature/multilanguage-mvp into main 2026-06-05 23:49:39 +02:00
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@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Controllers;
use App\Core\Locale;
/**
* Handles locale switching and exposes the current locale to the front
* controller / View layer.
*
* Entry point: GET /locale?set=xx&return=/some/path
* - `set` (required) target locale, must be in {@see Locale::SUPPORTED}
* - `return` (optional) explicit return URL; falls back to `Referer` header,
* then `/` if neither is present or is a same-origin path.
*
* On success: 302 to return URL, sets a 1-year `locale` cookie.
* On failure: 302 to `/`, no cookie set.
*
* The class is split into a pure {@see buildResponse()} for unit testing
* and a side-effectful {@see switch()} for production.
*/
class LocaleController extends Controller
{
public const COOKIE_NAME = 'locale';
/**
* Public entry point — invoked by the front controller.
* Reads $_GET, sends headers, terminates the request.
*/
public function switch(): void
{
$locale = isset($_GET['set']) && is_string($_GET['set']) ? $_GET['set'] : null;
$return = isset($_GET['return']) && is_string($_GET['return']) ? $_GET['return'] : null;
$referer = $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] ?? null;
$isHttps = (($_SERVER['HTTPS'] ?? '') !== '' && $_SERVER['HTTPS'] !== 'off')
|| (($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO'] ?? '') === 'https')
|| (($_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] ?? '') === '443');
$resp = self::buildResponse($locale, $return, $referer, $isHttps);
if ($resp['set_cookie']) {
$params = [
'expires' => $resp['cookie_expires'],
'path' => '/',
'secure' => $resp['cookie_secure'],
'httponly' => false, // read by JS-free client (we keep it readable for SSR)
'samesite' => 'Lax',
];
setcookie(self::COOKIE_NAME, $resp['cookie_value'], $params);
}
header('Location: ' . $resp['redirect'], true, $resp['status']);
exit;
}
/**
* Pure response builder — testable without headers/exit.
*
* @return array{
* status: int,
* redirect: string,
* set_cookie: bool,
* cookie_value: string,
* cookie_expires: int,
* cookie_secure: bool
* }
*/
public static function buildResponse(
?string $locale,
?string $explicitReturn,
?string $referer,
bool $isHttps,
): array {
$valid = is_string($locale) && Locale::isSupported($locale);
$redirect = self::safeRedirect($explicitReturn, $referer);
if (!$valid) {
return [
'status' => 302,
'redirect' => $redirect,
'set_cookie' => false,
'cookie_value' => '',
'cookie_expires' => 0,
'cookie_secure' => $isHttps,
];
}
return [
'status' => 302,
'redirect' => $redirect,
'set_cookie' => true,
'cookie_value' => $locale,
'cookie_expires' => time() + 60 * 60 * 24 * 365, // 1 year
'cookie_secure' => $isHttps,
];
}
/**
* Compute the current locale from $_GET, $_COOKIE and Accept-Language.
* Convenience for the front controller / View layer.
*/
public static function current(): string
{
return Locale::resolve(
isset($_GET['lang']) && is_string($_GET['lang']) ? $_GET['lang'] : null,
$_COOKIE[self::COOKIE_NAME] ?? null,
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'] ?? null,
);
}
/**
* Sanitize the return URL — same-origin path-only. Anything with a
* scheme, host, or `//` prefix is rejected and replaced with `/`.
*/
private static function safeRedirect(?string $explicit, ?string $referer): string
{
$candidate = $explicit ?: $referer;
if (!is_string($candidate) || $candidate === '') {
return '/';
}
// Reject absolute URLs and protocol-relative BEFORE backslash fixup,
// so a backslash in the input doesn't smuggle a `//` past us.
if (preg_match('#^(https?:)?//#i', $candidate)) {
return '/';
}
// Normalize backslashes (some browsers treat \ as /)
$candidate = str_replace('\\', '/', $candidate);
// After normalization, re-check for `//` (could be a backslash trick).
if (preg_match('#^//#', $candidate)) {
return '/';
}
if ($candidate[0] !== '/') {
return '/';
}
return $candidate;
}
}

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@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ $router = new Router();
$router->addRoute('/', \App\Controllers\HomeController::class, 'index'); $router->addRoute('/', \App\Controllers\HomeController::class, 'index');
$router->addRoute('/impressum', \App\Controllers\ImpressumController::class, 'index'); $router->addRoute('/impressum', \App\Controllers\ImpressumController::class, 'index');
$router->addRoute('/datenschutz', \App\Controllers\DatenschutzController::class, 'index'); $router->addRoute('/datenschutz', \App\Controllers\DatenschutzController::class, 'index');
$router->addRoute('/locale', \App\Controllers\LocaleController::class, 'switch');
// Dispatch // Dispatch
$uri = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] ?? '/'; $uri = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] ?? '/';

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@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace Tests\Controllers;
use App\Controllers\LocaleController;
use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
class LocaleControllerTest extends TestCase
{
// ──────────────────────────────────────────────
// buildResponse() — happy path
// ──────────────────────────────────────────────
public function testSetsCookieAndRedirectsOnValidLocale(): void
{
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse('en', '/foo', 'https://example.com/bar', false);
$this->assertSame(302, $resp['status']);
$this->assertSame('/foo', $resp['redirect']);
$this->assertTrue($resp['set_cookie']);
$this->assertSame('en', $resp['cookie_value']);
$this->assertGreaterThan(time(), $resp['cookie_expires']);
}
public function testCookieExpiresInOneYear(): void
{
$before = time();
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse('uk', '/', null, false);
$after = time();
$expected = 60 * 60 * 24 * 365;
$this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual($before + $expected, $resp['cookie_expires']);
$this->assertLessThanOrEqual($after + $expected, $resp['cookie_expires']);
}
public function testCookieSecureFlagMatchesHttps(): void
{
$http = LocaleController::buildResponse('en', '/', null, false);
$https = LocaleController::buildResponse('en', '/', null, true);
$this->assertFalse($http['cookie_secure']);
$this->assertTrue($https['cookie_secure']);
}
public function testSupportsAllFourLocales(): void
{
foreach (['de', 'en', 'uk', 'ru'] as $code) {
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse($code, '/', null, false);
$this->assertTrue($resp['set_cookie'], "Locale {$code} should set cookie");
$this->assertSame($code, $resp['cookie_value']);
}
}
// ──────────────────────────────────────────────
// buildResponse() — invalid locale
// ──────────────────────────────────────────────
public function testInvalidLocaleDoesNotSetCookie(): void
{
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse('fr', '/', null, false);
$this->assertFalse($resp['set_cookie']);
$this->assertSame('', $resp['cookie_value']);
}
public function testInvalidLocaleStillRedirects(): void
{
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse('fr', '/safe-path', null, false);
$this->assertSame(302, $resp['status']);
$this->assertSame('/safe-path', $resp['redirect']);
}
public function testNullLocaleDoesNotSetCookie(): void
{
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse(null, '/', null, false);
$this->assertFalse($resp['set_cookie']);
}
public function testEmptyStringLocaleDoesNotSetCookie(): void
{
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse('', '/', null, false);
$this->assertFalse($resp['set_cookie']);
}
// ──────────────────────────────────────────────
// safeRedirect() — return URL sanitization
// ──────────────────────────────────────────────
#[DataProvider('provideOpenRedirectAttempts')]
public function testRejectsOpenRedirects(string $bad, string $expected): void
{
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse('en', $bad, null, false);
$this->assertSame($expected, $resp['redirect']);
}
public static function provideOpenRedirectAttempts(): array
{
return [
'absolute https' => ['https://evil.com/phish', '/'],
'absolute http' => ['http://evil.com/phish', '/'],
'protocol-relative' => ['//evil.com/phish', '/'],
'scheme-relative upper' => ['//EVIL.COM/phish', '/'],
'javascript scheme' => ['javascript:alert(1)', '/'],
'data scheme' => ['data:text/html,<script>', '/'],
'no leading slash' => ['foo/bar', '/'],
'backslash trick' => ['/\\evil.com', '/'],
'double backslash' => ['\\\\evil.com', '/'],
];
}
#[DataProvider('provideValidRelativePaths')]
public function testAcceptsValidRelativePaths(string $path): void
{
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse('en', $path, null, false);
$this->assertSame($path, $resp['redirect']);
}
public static function provideValidRelativePaths(): array
{
return [
'root' => ['/'],
'home' => ['/'],
'impressum' => ['/impressum'],
'datenschutz' => ['/datenschutz'],
'with query' => ['/foo?bar=1'],
'with hash' => ['/foo#section'],
'with deep' => ['/some/deep/path'],
];
}
// ──────────────────────────────────────────────
// Referer fallback chain
// ──────────────────────────────────────────────
public function testFallsBackToRefererWhenExplicitReturnIsNull(): void
{
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse('en', null, 'https://example.com/landing', false);
// Referer is absolute, gets stripped to '/'
$this->assertSame('/', $resp['redirect']);
}
public function testFallsBackToRootWhenBothExplicitAndRefererMissing(): void
{
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse('en', null, null, false);
$this->assertSame('/', $resp['redirect']);
}
public function testFallsBackToRootWhenRefererIsEmpty(): void
{
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse('en', null, '', false);
$this->assertSame('/', $resp['redirect']);
}
public function testExplicitReturnBeatsReferer(): void
{
$resp = LocaleController::buildResponse('en', '/chosen', 'https://other.com/other', false);
$this->assertSame('/chosen', $resp['redirect']);
}
}